t-aylor



Oct. 9, 1928.

C. H. TAYLOR BEVEL GEAR CUTTING MACHINE Filed Nov. 13. 1920 9Sheets-Sheet 1 Fi-L C. H. TAYLOR BEVEL GEAR CUTTING MACHINE Filed Nov.15. 1920 9 Sheets-Sheet 2 Oct. 9, 1928.

C. H. TAYLOR BEVEL GEAR CUTTING MACHINE Filed Nov. 15, 1920 9Sheets-Sheet 3 Fig 5.

Fig-7.

E54 Fig-E5. 4

Hf/or/rex Oct. 9, 1928.

C. H. TAYLOR BEVEL GEAR CUTTING MACHINE Filed Nov. 13 2 9 Sheets-Sheet 4Oct. 9, 1928. 1, 37,159

C. H. TAYLOR BEVEL GEAR CUTTING MACHINE Filed Nov l3 1920 9 Sheets-Sheets Oct. 9, 1928. 1,687,150

C. H. TAYLOR BEVEL GEAR CUTTING MACHINE Filed Nov.13. 0 9 Sheets-Sheet 6I I I I l v 0 I l l '1 1|: I :II T l l 1 1 Oct. 9, 1928.

C. H. T-AYLOR BEVEL GEAR CUTTING MACHINE Filed Nov 13 1920 9Sheets-Sheet '7 Oct. .9, 1928. 1,687,150

6. H. TAYLOR BEVEL GEAR CUTTING MACHINE Filed Nov. 13. 1920 fiz'y: E7.

9 Sheets-Sheet 8 ionn v Oct. 9, 1928. 1,687,150

' c. H. TAYLOR BEVEL GEAR CUTTING MACHINE Filed Nov. 13 1920 9Sheets-Sheet 9 C haw/es Ivy/01' per lifl'orney lhitentecl @ct. 9,19%3.

FlCE,

CHARLES H. TAYLOR, GE T'Olttlll'ffl, Ull'lllRIO, CANADA.

IBE'V'ELGEAR-UEVDTING Ii'IilrGHINi-E.

Application filec'l November 13, 15MB.

My invention has for its object to cut automatically in one continuouscycle of operation a spiral gear, the contour of the teeth essential toa perfect gear being generated 5 progressively throi 'iout all theteeth. To this encl tie invention may be saitl broarlly to consist inthe reaction. of a rotary carrier for a conical blan with a travel ing;train of cutters loeii'iuclisposetl in the I ect-lon of a n'eneratrii:of the pitch cone, this train of cutters (luring such travel of thelatter, being; causetl to swing in a sul .iitially tangential directionWithrelati to the blank, the being that thi cutting train caused to outor machine a complete spiral gear having perfectly imiforin teetln inone cycle of operation. Another featureof this invention is thesynchronizing of the speecl of travel of the ti: in of cutters with therot; ion of the blank.

Briefly stated the invention includes an en ll produce a cutting: racl:which in in; the blank, in continuous operation, intermeshes with thecuts thus made ln this manner the teeth make intlepen lent cuts insuccession in the succeeding posi ions inilei (l by the rack and thegear thereby cut, the tangential mo nent of the cutting train constantl30 changing the po, 'on of each cutter with relation to the his f andthus generating the sirle faces of the gear teeth.

For full comprehcnsion however, of my invention reference must he hurlto the ac companyinf o ninsi's in which similar reference ch eracter iniicatv the same parts, ancl wherein i 'e l is a front elevation of ahovel 1; '7 machine constructed according invention f are 2 a plan Viewthereof;

- 8 is mentary plan View train of cutters spacetl to in effect cutt' '111191111 (Elli: fllV SK /Gill Ollll olraceupon the .t,

is a horizontal sectional View Figure l;

aentary sectional View of l; rotat ng and tab i relating; the operaiiJGiKWPQ'Ll the mounted ruil re, ole therewith anal Lion Y Serial No.123,928,

Figure 7 is a fragmentary View of a portheir relative angular positions;

hi use 8 is a detail fragmentary sectional View the table. carrier andtoolrace illus" trating one of the points of connection of the toolraceto the table;

uire 9 is fragmentary vertical sectional illustrating the table rotatingand gear .2 l; rotating mechanism;

' l ure 10 is a sectional View taken on line 10-l0 Figure 9;

Figure 11 is a detail View of the differential mechanism forming a partof the clrive illustratetl in ll ig'ure 10;

Figure 12 is a fragmentary side View of the machine illustrat'np; a partof the mechanism for rotating the table the latter being shown inhorizontal position;

igure 13 is a similar View to Figure 12 hut illustrating the tableininclinecl position and the means for tilting the same to suchposition;

Figure let is a cletail View illustrating in diagram the gears forming apart of the table rot ating mechanism which enable such roto hereversed;

Figure 15 is a vertical sectional View taken through the centre of themachine and illustra 'ng the toolrace in diagram, the table shown ininclined position; Figure 16 is a similar View to Figure 15, showing thetable in horizontal position;

Figure 1'? is a plan view of the toolrace e 18 a sicle elevationthereof; n te "i9 is tletall side View of one oi the cutter blocks;

Figure 20 18 an encl View thereof;

5 i ure 21 1s a sectional vie W fallen on line 2l-21l Figure l? andillustrating the parts associated with toolrace in place;

F gure 22 is a fragmentary sectional VlGW taken on line 2222 Figure 1?;

sectional View of a Figure 23 is a (letail cutter lilocl: illustratingthe means for securinp; each cutter in place; I

Figure E l a ctional View taken on line 241-2 Figure 21;

Figures 25, 26 27 and 28 illustrate (liao'rainmatically positions of thecutters relatively to the cuts cluri j progressing stages of theoperation.

The machine illustrated is the preferred embodiment of my invention, andconsists of a cylindical member 2 presenting an open top and front andbeing flanged at its lower end as at 8 and supported upon the base Theopen front permits ready access to the interior While the open topaccommodates a tiltable unit for carrying the gear cutters. Thistiltable unit compris s its frame which is the annular car 'ier 5surrounding and retatably carrying a table (5, the carrier hav ingdownwardly offset trunnions 7 and 8 located at diametrically oppositesides thereof and journalled in bearings 9 and 10 respectively on thetop of the frame 2 in order to enable the cutters and their carrier tobe tilted as a unit. The table 6 is circular in plan View and consistsof a unitary casting having a surrounding side wall or flange 12disposed perpendicularly to its int '11 area \\'i" its top edgeoutwardly flanged as at 18 an toothed as at l t to constitute aworm-wheel this worm-wheel, forming one element 0: the mechanism forrotating the tabl to swing the cutters across the gear blanktangentially for the purpose of increasing the deptl'is of the initialcuts on the blank and generating the side faces of the teeth to be uponthe carrier and is seated in an anniu recess in the top face of thecarrier with t bottom of the table disposed slightly be the underside ofthe latter.

This table as hereinbefore mentioned, is constructed and arranged to berotated during the (alt-ting operation anc the unit may be tilted uponthe t-runnions 7 and 8 so that any desired bevel angle of gear blank maybe operated on. However, before describing in. detail these mechanisms,T will describe the cutting mechanism which is mounted upon the table.

1 0 low Uutting mechanism.

This mechanism consists of a train of cutter blocks 15 disposedthroughout the length of an endless toolrace 16 with their ends abuttingand slightly movable therein, whereby they are caused to form a cuttingrang the cutting teeth of which are adapted to effect uniformly spacedcuts in the face of the gear blank and subsequently intermeshtllGlGWlall. when increasing the depth of the same. The toolrace isdisposed diametrically across the table and at an angle thereto whenviewed in end elevation and it embraces the front of the table andcarrier with its lower side disposed below the bottom of the table whichis provided *ith a transverse openi' to accommodate the same. This opeis sufficiently large to permit of a turn: movement of the toolracerelativel to the table. The toolrace is substantially rectangular incross-section and is const tuted by inner straight side walls 1'? and 18formed from a are: 1,68'2',150

unitary casting 19, the outer straight side walls 20 and 21 beingpresented by detachable members 22 and L3 bolted to the casting 19 as at2 h the member having a bracket 25 formed integrally therewith. Thisbracket supports one end of a shaft forming a part ofthe mechanism forcausing the \Utl'tl blocks t travel in the toolrace,the opposi to end 01' the shaft being supported by a bracket 2? bolted to the toollace asat 28. The present inncr walls 29 at the end of the toolrace are formedby plates 3 and 31 of semi-circular form in plan view and Z-form incross-section, disposed in position with their flanges :32 overhangingthe raceway and coiistitutiug the top thereof. The plate 30 is bolted.as at upon a flat surface 3% presented by the inner end of the casting12) while the plate 2-31. forms an element of a detachable part which isthe outer end of the toolrace and consists of a casti having the plate 3bolted thereon at The casting 35 is adjustably connected to the casting1.9 by lugs 2-37 and bolts the bolts extending through slots 39 in thelugs and permitting of the necessary adjustment to take up slack betweenthe. blocks.

Semicircular members elO and -il:l. of angular cross-section constitutethe outer end walls of the toolrace, the member lO being fastened uponlugs 42 and id on the casting 1t! and the member ll upon the detachableend 2-15.

The raceway when viewed from either end thereof is disposed at an angleof substantially to tile plane of the table, the cut-- ters beingconstructed and arranged to cut into the face of the gear blank whenmoving along the lower side of the raceway. This inclination of theraceway obtained by a web i l of angular cross-section the base of theweb lying flat upon the table and having a slot 455 permitting thepassage thcrelhrough of a stud mounted in lined position upon he table.The toolrace adapted to turn as a unit upon this stuo during the cuttingoperation immediately after one side of each of the teeth of the blankhas been generated so that the opposite side will extend in a planeintersecting the vertex of the pitch cone.

Each cutter block has its top side toothed that co lectively they form arack i? and each block rigidly carries preferably three cutteri'iniformly spaced and disposed diagonally through the block with theircutting ends protruding therefrom as at 41-9 and adapted to form threeindependent spaced cuts in the face of the blank during travel acre-asthe same. The cutting: end of each .tootn presents front and back faces50 2 ud 5L l th I disposed parallel to the .i

,, and side faces which ta forming the extreme end of t ie 1 th facebeing also disposed at an angle the faces 50 and 51, the cornerspresented ill) by the faces 50, 52 and 53 constituting the cuttingedges. In order to rigidly tasten each cutter within the block its shankis sheared oll as at 54; towards itsends and a clamping bolt having awedge-shaped head and collar, 56 and 52 respectively, is inserted intothe opening in the block through which the shank passes in juxtapositionwith the latter, the opening being; much larger than the shank. The headand collar bear agains the wedgeshapcd lane 5%- ot the shard; and clampthe same agai the wall. of the cutter block, this clamping action beingobtained by tightening a nut 58.

As the nuts and cutter ends project laterally from the cutter block itis es-isential that clearance be provided within the way. To this endthe latter extended laterally to present channels 59 and (30, the formeraccommodating the nuts and the l the cutter ends, the cutters beingactive when moving along the straight lower side of the toolrace, theraceway at this point is shes id oil to present a lateral opening (itthrough which the cutters project. i

As hereinbetore mentioned, the cutter blocks are disposed throrghout thelc 'th. oi? the toolrace with their ends abuttinq and their top sidesare adapted to produce a continuous raclr in interu'icshing relationwith the pinion 32 constitutr e' nt the mechanism for actuatii thecutters, which mechanism will be presently further allude to. Anyslackness between the cutter l'JlUtlliIS may be taken up by adjustablymoving the outer end of the toolrace tow rds the opposite end thereof,the end being); maintained the adjusted position by the bolts 38. lorder to facilitate movement" of the cutter blocks they travel aroundthe ends ot' the raceway and incidentally to enable the cutter blocks tomore alo a straight until the cutters have comp the cut, cue ends of theraceway are of increased. width, this increase in width being obtainedby describing the outer wall of each end oi the aceway upon a curvehaving a diameter greater than the distance between the outer side walls20 and 21. 'lhe toolrace is connected to the table live points, one beinconstituted by the stud b. The other poin oi connection are cons tutodby a pair or lugs 71 formed integri iy with the casting 19 and havingopenings it therein accommodating bolts Y3, the openings beingsulliciently large to permit of movement of the tcolrace relatively tothe table. A fourth point of connection is provided by a bloclr 'Z;(Fig. 8) bolted upon the toolrace casting at i adjacent the trout of thetable and "esent ing a vertical. taco 'l'tl abuttinu adj acent side otthe latter, the ab being of hardened sted. disposed in positionoverlappi the a top of the table. The overlapping portion entil circlesa lined stud 7'2 upon the front of the table, the opening 78 in theblock accommodating the stud being also sufliciently large to permit ofrelative movement and containing a spring 79 bearing between the blockand stud and adapted to resiliently maintain the block "[5 abutting;against the table. The fifth point of connection of the toolrace to thetable is ell'ected by a connecting rod 80 igs. 2 and i one end of whichis pivoted. on the shaft d1 journalled in the table while its oppositeend 82 is pivoted to a lug 83. This connecting rod is an element of themeans tor turnin the toolrace bodily upon the table during the cuttingoperation and this mechanism will also be presently alluded to.

C utter clrz'oiug mechanism.

The driving mechanism for the cutters 1, 2i and 2:2) consists of themain drivingshaft 46 journalled in brackets and 27, a pulley 8strotatably mounted thereon, a friction clutch 85 adapted to retativelyconnect the pulley to the shaft, a slrew pinion 8t) hey-ed to said shaftand a skew gear 8?" mounted upon the upper end of a shalt 88 disposedobliquely to the axial plane of the shaft 26 and parallel to theinclined plane of the raceway, this shatt being journalled at its upperend in a bearing 89 on the toolrace casting and at its lower end in asecond bearing also in this casting, such lower end protruding beyondthe bearing and rigidly carrying the pinion 62.

It will be seen, therefore, that when the shalt 52-6 rotates, the skewpinion 86 will drive the skew Si' thereby rotating the pinion and thepinion, through the continuous rack presented by the cutter blocks,(Fig. 19) moving the latter around the raceway and causing them duringtheir travel to traverse the periphery of the gear blank. The triotionclutch tor rotatively connecting the pulleys to the main driving shaltconsists of two series of rings 90 and 9t respectively, the former beingconstructed and arranged to rotate in unison with pulley 8d and thelatter to rotate in unison with a disc 92 the disc having a hubencircling the hub oil the puliey and being keyed to the main. drivingshalt as at 93. The pulley is hollow and accommodates both series withthe rings ol one series located between the rings of the other seriestor the purpose of obtaining a large frictional area whereby astial movement of the disc towards the pulley causes the two series to interlock,axial movement of the disc 92 is eiiccted by a push-rod 9c adapted tomove axially a tapered collar 95 to and from engagement with bell crankpawls 9st. The latter engage the shalt 93 and exert a pull on such shaftwhen the rod 96 is pushed in. The friction clutch is operated by apush-rod 96. Obviously other vdesired position relatively to the (ButtWell known means for transmitting power to the essential spiral gearcutting parts may be employed without departing from the spirit or myinvention.

Tilting mechanism.

The mechanism for tilting the unit carrying the carrier 5, table 6 andmechanism supported thereon including the toolrace, is located at therear 01": the machine, and its purpose is to so position the toolracethat the cutters will, when cutting into the periphery of the gear blankmove in an inclined path intersecting the vertex oi the pitch-cone oilthe gear blank. This mechanism con cs a feed screw 190 (F 13) the upperend of which is rotatably mountet in a collar 191 pivotally carried by abracket 19; secured to the rear of the carrier. The lower end of thefeed screw extends through a nut 193 pivoted on a bracket 191 secured tothe top ot' the frame 2. A hand wheel is mounted upon the upper end ofthe feet. screw "for the purpose of rotating the same.

This construction and parts enables the table to be t .5 y uesired angleaccording to the bevel amp; the root of the tooth of the gear blank out.

In order to permit of fine adjustment the trunnion 7 has rigidly mountedthereon z graduated quadrant 197 constructed and arranged to be swung inunison with the t' able unit, a pointer 198 indicating the no of theangle of inclination. The po r constituted by a plate likemember boltedto the frame 2.

Gear blank supporting mechanism.

The gear blank is indicated in dotted as at 97 in Figure 1, and is c anarbor 98 on the upper end of a verical disposed spindle 99 the spindle lcentrally oi the frame 2 with its are. coinciding with the verticalplane of the trunnions of the carrier.

) This si'vindle is journalled in bearings 101 and 10: in a verticallyslidable carrier 103 the carri r includmg a slide 107 5) movable in aslidewuy 10s. )resented b r olatos 'l'astened to an l fl '7 v inward proection 100 on the rranie 2. order to present additional boa g tor thecarrier in its vertical movement the latter is extended rearwardly as atand bears against a flat face 109 of a 1'11) 110 upon the frame '2. Thisrearward extension of the -h Q n 1 U ix/l C(tlllOl has a clam 1 a ole.

thereon which is adapted to clamp the carrier upon the rib 110 when thecarrier has been adjusted to the \D train.

The mechanism for vertically moving the carrier for the purpose ofpositioning the cutters relatively to the cutting train consists of ateed screw 113 extending through an inter ally screw-threaded bushing114- in the carrier the lower end of the teed screw being encased by atube 115 mounted upon the -r and constituting a dust 'uard. The n} perend oi the teed screw is ournallcd in a bracket 116 mounted upon theupper end oi? the projection 106 of the frame 2 and carries a bevel gear11"1- in inter-meshing relation with a bevel pinion 118 on the inner endof radially disposed shaft 119 joiu'nalled in a bearing 120 bolted tothe top of the frame of ti e machine the outer end o'l. this shafthaving a hand-wheel 121 rotativcly mounted thereon and a graduatedcollar 122 for perinitting 0-; line adjustment of the carrier.

In order to prevent the gear blank from bethrown out of adjustmentrelatively to the train of cutters by inadvertently moving thehand-wheel, the latter is i'recly rotatable f .L gear blank to or fromthe path of the cutters. i l aw nnent of the near blank relntivel to thecutting path is, of course, etlected hetore the cutting operation takesplace.

Gear blah/0 rotating mechanism.

lhe driving power for continuously ro tating the gear blank the cutterstraverse its periphery is obtained from the main driving shatt- 26 andthe mechanism which eti'tects an operative connection between this shaftand the gear blank carrying spindle includes a train of gears common tothe mechanism for rotating; the table. lhis driving mechanism consistsof a spur gear 121 rig idly mounted upon the lett end of the shaft 26and interi ieshing with a second spur gear 125 mounted upon one end of asleeve 1% ig. 2) encircling a shaft 127 and carrying at its opposite enda pinion 128 rot-stably; connected to a gear 600 through a pair of torevolve with the table. Between its ends it is formed integrally with apinion G05- (Figs. 9 and 11) forming a part of a difl'er- All fill

are rotatably mounted upon studs 61 lon a disc 615 and are adapted torevolve with the latter which is extended outwardly relatively to thetable in the form of a sleeve 616 encircling the shaft i and having abevel pinlon 617 keyed upon it. 'lfhis bevel proton is 8ll.Clt)-1@tll1la housingletl and e: l

.5 down-- wardly through an opening; 1&2 in the table 6 and carrier 5and intermeshes with the top face ofa floating); rack 1&3 the bottomface of which is also toothed and inter-meshes with a second bevelpinion 144-. This reel; is of ring form and is located immediatelybeneath the flange 13 of the table in a circular groove 141-5 in thecarrier 5 see Figure 'l'.

The pinion 14a is keyed upon a shaft 2 16 extending; through thetrunnion 'l which hollow. Rigidly connected to this pinion and rotatabletherewith is a mitre gear 145 which intermeshes with a second mitre near146 mounted upon the upper end of a vertical shaft 14'? journalled in abearing 148 secured to a his: 1 19 on the machine frame. A spiraltoothed pinion 150 is mounted upon the lower end of this shaft and is aiially movable thereon. It intermeshes with a spiral toothed gear 151 onthe lower end of the gear blank spindle 99.

The operation of the foregoing gear blanlr rotating mechanism is asfollows:

When the pulley 84 is set in motion the spur gear 124; drives the spurgear 125 in the direction ot the arrow (Figure 1). this motion being:transmitted through the sleeve 1%,

pinion i28 idlers 601 and 6053 to spar G00 and from thence through shaft604. Cllllfii ential pinions 605, 606 and 607, disc 614i, sleeve 61f,bevel pinion 616 to rack 143. From the latter the drive to the gearblanlr. is completed by the train consisting of gear lath shaft 14:7"pinion lot) and r 151 the latter being on the lower end of the nearblank spindle. From the foregoing; it Will be seen that the pulley 8drives both the cutting tram and the near blanlt. it drives a thirdmechanism also, however the mechanism for effecting}; rotation of the J.

table 6.

TahZe rotating mechanism.

160 keyed upon the end of the shaft 246 which protrudes from thetrunnion 7, a second spur gear 161 intermeshing with gear 160 andrigidlymounted upon one end of a sleeve 162 carrying a spur pinion 163 sulstantially midway its leno'th, the gears 160 and 161 being detachableror the purpose of r; ling them to be replaced by other gears ha ingdili'erent numbers of teeth to accelerate or reduce the movement at thetable and consequently the rate oi which the cutting train advancestangentially across the blank in its tooth cutting operation. The sleeveis rotatable upon a fixed shaft 16% upon' a bracket 165 secured to thecarrier 5 as at 166 the bracket being disposed at a tangent to thecircumference of the carrier. The spur pinion 163 is rotativelyconnected to a spur pinion 16"? through a pair of spur pinions 16S and16%) carried by a swinging arm 1Y0 (Fig. 14-.) pivoted upon shaft 164between the inner end of sleeve 162 and the bracket 1.65, the upper endof the arm having a portion 171 overhanging the bracket while the arm islimited in its movement by a stud 2&7 register-in in a notch 248 in theside of the he spur pinions e them to be swung in which the pinioj 168will simulintori'i'icsh with tl e spur pinion the spur pinion or toanother with spur pinion 1(39 interrneshwith spur pinion 1G? and thespur pin- 168, the latter. of course, being in en- "cment with the spurpinion l68,'as the s upon the a a of the latter. T his tenables thedirection of rotathe table to be reversed when desired. llurth-ermoi-ethe arm may be swung to a l poi-s ica when it desired to rotate .e by h"I adapted to tably mounted on. a tired stud bt'iilQEtliQF-j with a spurgear 1T6 tioned r be' rotatable and mounted upon an adjustable andintermcshi with a gear shaft 1'59 (1' J parallel to 7 and at a t i t tothe table. 1 l at its in1 end a worm '11 adapted to int iesh with the 1dconstituted by the toothed the table. in order to adjust the purpose oftaking up back-- 1.1 5, between the wo m Jl worn'nwheel the s supportedin an eccentric sleeve h extends through l o bracket 165 up it and isfixed y preferred talco up play r i the worm iheel the sleeve isreleased and 1. owir to its eccentric bore moves ed to t i .ent po bv amanuicrated pin 1T2 ha et lower termihat in 17d fitting in l e lJi. ctThe spur pintrain is swung around upon an axis intersecting the axialplane of the gear blank in the XlS of the trunnions 7 and 8 and normallythe cutters run nearly along an element of a cone the apex of whichcoisince with the point of intersection of the three axes mentioned anda part of the surface of which substantially coincides with the levelsurface of the gear blank. The swing of the cutter train produced by therotation of the table carries the cutters in a straight tangentialdirection across the periphery of the blank simultaneously with theirupward movement towards the apex of the cone as indicated in Figure 28,the successive cuts increasing in depth as themovement continues up to apoint midway the tangential ravel at which point the full depth of thecut is reached, the remaining travel generating the involute faceopposite to that face generated by the cutters during the first half oftheir tangential travel.

The rack 143 performs a dual It not only acts as one element in thedrive for the gear blank and table, but also synchronizes the speed ofrotation of the gear blank with the speed of travel of the cutterswhether the cutters are moving tangential- 1 across the blank or not.lVhen the latter is the case, it is necessary to accelerate the speed ofrotation of the gear blank in order to cause the cutters to registerwith the in- This is accomplished "function itial cuts in the latter. bythe rack in the following manner: As the table rotates the pinion 139 ismoved with it and consequentl the rack also, the movement of the rackcausing rotation or" the train of gears driving the gear blank spindleand consequently accelerating the latter in speed.

Diflerente'ai mechanism.

It Will be seen that the table is in a plane parallel to the side of thep'tch-eone of the gear blank, and consequent y its speed oi rotation,where the cutters traverse the periphery oi the blank, will be greaterthan the speed of rotation. oi the blank, proportionate,- ly the angleof the cone decreases 'or the reason that the side of the cone is longethan the radius of the base of the cone. it it necessary therefore toprovide dif erential mechanism for compensating for this dh'lerence inspeed. Tothis end a segmental rack 260 is fastened in fired positionupon the arrier and intermeshes with a pinion 261 revoluble with thetable, the pinion being rotatably carried by a shaft 262 ournalled in abracket 263. The outer end or this shaft has detachably mounted thereonand mint able in unison therewith a pinion 26% which intermeshcs with aspur gear 266 detachably mounted upon the right hand end of the shaft127. The opposite end of the latter projects beyond the gear 128 andcarries a pinion (320 which intermeshes with the gear 13 on the diiiereutial housing.

In the operation of this mechanism, as the table rotates the pinion 261is caused to run along its rack 260 which, oi course, being mounted uponthe carrier, does not move. The rotation of the pinion, caused bythismovement, rotates spur gear 265 through the spur pinion 26a andconsequently shaft 127 and differential housing (H2. This rotation ofthe housing through the internal gear 610 accelerates the speed ofrotation ot the differential pinions and this accelerate-1i movement istransmitted through the various gears to the gear blank. lVh-en theangle of the table is altered, it is nece ,ary to replace spur pinion 2%and spur by other gears oi the size required to produce the necessaryaccelerated movement required by the new angle.

Means for turning Hm tool me e "upon f/ic table.

As the side faces of the teeth of a bevel gear converge in the vertex ofthe pitchcone the grooves between them u'iust similarly converge and itis, in consequence. impossible to cut both sides of the groov s, at theszuuc time, it-being necessary to cut the opposite sides which are theadjacent sides of mu tiguous teeth successively. The train is driven inan angular position relatively to the vertex to cut first one side ofall the grooves of the complete gear and then the opposite side. To thisend it is necessary to provide means for automa ally altering theposition of the toolrace l'LlllClVOl) to the table during the cutting);opru'ation iuuucdiatcly after the cutters have termed one side of thecut. This cutting of one side of the cuts is completed and the otherside commenced simultaneously with the coinciding! oi the lateral movingtoolrace with, the zenith of the rotating gear bl ank. The ctlect is,with the particular construction and arrangement of mechan'sms disclosedthat the cycloiilaltoother spiral gear is completely termed ready foruse during one cycle oi the machine which is the lateral or tangentialtravel of the tooh'ace from right to left (from dotted position it to Bin Fig. 1 Dim ing this movement of the lTOOlltlP. and cuttors itis, asjustmentioned turned. on its pivot at the exact moment its pivot pointre: :hes a point coii'iciding with the gear blanks zenith. The cuttingis done by op loo it the cutting train, the cutters move successivelyacross the face of the blank, each cutter making a cut a distance of oneor more teeth from the cut of the preceding); cutter according to therelative spacing of the cutment from left to right. llhe co tinnedmovement of the toolrace on the latter half.

of its stroke causes the cutters to generate theleft side faces of theteeth.

The operation is completed when the cut ting train has swung with thetable from one side of the gear blank to the other, the blank beingtoothed throughout its periphery and each tooth being of cycloidal form.The lateral movement of the toolrace in addition to causing the cuttersto generate the faces oi? the teeth is also responsible for the progsively increasing depths of the cuts, this l; inp; due to the fact thatthe toolrace is swuz I a flat plane tangentially to the blank andconsequently is nearest the centre of the latter when midway the lengthof its lateral travel. After the cutters have generated, in this instance, the right side faces of the teeth and before they commencegenerating the left side faces thereof, the tollrace is automaticallyshifted upon the table to a position in which the active cutting edgesof the cutters will generate the left side faces of the teeth in planesintersecting the vertex of the pitch cone.

The driving motion from the pulley 84 is transmitted to the cuttingtrain through skew pinion 86, skew gear 87 and spur pinion 62 the lattersuccessively intermeshing with the toothed faces of each blockpropelling the others around the raceway. The driving motion of the puley is transmitted to the gear blank and table through spur gears 12% and125, differential pinions 128, 229 and 230, shaft 127, spur gears 129,130 and 132, (two of the latter are idlers and one only is required incutting a left hand spiral), 137, bevel pinion 139, rack 141-3 and bevelpinion 1 14. From this point the crive for rotating the table and thatfor rotating the blank are separate and distinct. The drive for theblank consists of the bevel gears 145 ed 146, shaft 147, spiral pinion150. spiral. rear 151 and gear blank spindle 99. The

drive for the rotation of the table from the bevel pinion 141 1 isconstituted by shaft 246, spur gears 160 and 161, spur pinions 163.168., 169 and 167, spur gear 1Y6, shaft 179, worm 1'79 and the wormwheelDI'GSGZMGCl by the toothed periphery of the table.

A cycle of operation of my machine coinp tes a. spiral gear really foruse, and is deby the swing; of the cu n train from to the other of theblank which rotates con nuously with uniform speed during the operation.

The cutters may be intcrcha ad with others having inclincd faces o-(lill'crcnt angles of inclination for right or left hand 2;; irals orintercl angeablc blocks carrying; such tools may be employed.

ll hat I claim is as follows:

1. In a spiral gear cutting machine the combination of a blank carrier;means for continuously rotating the same; a train of cutters disposed inthe direction of a generatrix of the pitch-cone of the gear blank; meansfor driving the cutter-train means for s. ingi the latter on a centercoincident wi th the axis of the gear blank to cause the cutters totraverse the gear blank taim cntially; and means compensating for thedill'crcncc in speeds of the gear blankcarricr, traversing moti and thecutter-train.

2. a spiral near cutting machine the combination of blank carrier; meansfor turning the same, a train of cutters disposed in the direction of agencratrii: of the pitch cone, means for driving the cutter train, meansfor swinging the latter to cause the cutters to traverse the gear blank,and means compensating for the difference in speeds of the gearblank-carier and the traversing motion of the cutter-train.

3. In a spiral gear cutting machine the combination of a blank carrier,means for continuously rotating: the same, a member pivoted on an axisintersecting the axis of the near-blank carrier and carrying; a toolraccdisposed in the direction of a gencratriic of the gear-blank; a train ofcutters contained in the toolrace; means for driving; the cutting train;means for swinging; the member to .ause the cutters to traverse the nearblank tangentially and means compensating tor the difference in speedsof the {rear blank carrier and the travel of the cutter train.

l. In a spiral gear cutting; machine the combination of a blank carrier.means for continuously rotating the same. a member pivoted on an axisintersecting; the axis of the gear blank carrier and carrying a toolracedisposed in the direction of a enn i-atria of the pitch-cone of the(gear blank: a train of cutters conta led in the toolracc: means fordriving the cutting train. means for swinging the member to cause thecutters to traverse the gear blank tangentially: means compensating forthe ditl'crcnce in speeds of the near blank carrier and the travel ofthe, .-train and means for adjusting the angular position of thetoolruce to out some: of different annular pitclrcone.

5. In a spiral .q'ear cutting machine. a tilt able unit, a tablerotatably mounted in the oi the cutter-tr bi nati on of a unit andcarrying a slidable train of spiralgear cutters and. means for drivingthe train of cutters radially relatively to the member and means for rotting the table to cause the cutting train to have lateral motion for thepurpose set forth.

(5. in a spi *al gear cutting machine the combination with ablank-carrier and means for continuously rotating the same, of atiltablemember c2 rrying a slidable train of spiral gear cutters, meansfor driving the train of cutters; means for swinging the member to causethe cutters to tangentially traverse the blank; and means compensatingfor the dil'lerenee inspeeds of the gear blank carrier and the travel ofthe cutter train for the purpose set forth.

7. In a spiral gear cutting machine, a tiltable member carrying aslidable train of spiral-gear-cutters means for driving the train ofcutters and means for adjusting the angular position of the member toset the train of cutters in desiredangular position to cut gears ofditlerent angular pitch-cone.

8. In a spiral gear cutting machine, a tiltable unit, a tablerotatably-mounted in the unit and carrying a slidable train of cutters,means for driving the train of cutters ;'means for rotating the table tocause the cutting I train to have lateral motion; and means foradjusting the vangular position of the unit to set the train of cuttersin desired angular position to cut gears of different angularpitch-cone. I

9. In a spiral gear cutting machine the combination with a blank-carrierand means for continuously rotating the same, of a tiltable unit, atable rotatably mounted in the unit and. carrying a train of spiral gearcuttersy means for driving the train of cutters; me a for swil thelatter to cause the cutters to tangentially traverse the blank; meanscompensating for the difference in speeds oi. the gear blank carrier andthe travel in and means gtor adjusting the angular posi ion of the unitto set the train of cutters in desires. angular position to cut gee rso'l different angular pitch-cone.

10. A spi :n'ea-r cuttin machine the comblank-carrier and means forcontinuo sly rotating the same, of a tiltable unit comprising an annularcarrier tiltably mounted a table 0 rried by the carjier a train ot cuttcarried by the table and dispored rtimi of the apex of: the pitch 4-blanl=:.i; mean for driving the of the table being toothed n wheel;means including a ineshiug with the worm wheel for he table and meanscompensating the sp of the blanlncin'rier, the rotation 01 the table andthe travel of the cutters tor the purpose set torth.

l1 4 in a spiral gear cutting machine the combination witha machineframe, a blank carrier and'means for continuously rotating theblanlccarrier, oil a tiltable unit consisting of an annular carrierhaving trunnions journalledin the machine frame, a table mountedrotatably in thecarrier, a train of spiral gear cutters carried by thetable, means for driving the trainer? cutters; means for rotating thetable in the carrier to swing the train of cutters tangentially'acrossthe blank and means compensating the speeds of the blank carrier, therotationot the table and the travel of the cutters tor the purpose setforth.

12. In a spiral gear cutting machine a tiltable unit comprising anannular carrier a circular table rotatably mounted in the carrier andhaving asurrounding perpendicular side wall or flange with its top edgeoutwardly flanged and toothed to present a worm Wheel.

13. la a spiral gear cutting machine the combination of a blankcarriera-nd means for continuously rotating the same, a tool raceconstructed and arranged tobe swung upon an axis coincident with theapex of the pitch cone otthe gear blank, said toolrace having a portionof its length disposed in a, plane parallel to the inclined plane of thepitchcone, or trainot cutters slidably mounted in said toolrace andconstructed and arranged to cut into the periphery of the gear blank,means for driving the cutter train, means for moving said toolrace uponits axis and tan gent-ially across the geanblank and means synchronizingthe speeds of the gear-blank and tangential motion and the travel of thecutters, tor the purpose setforth.

' 14. ln -a spiral gear cutting'machine the combination with a slidabletrain of cutters and means for operating the same, of means for turningthe train bodily to change'the angular position of the cuttingoperation.

15. In a spiral gear-cutting machine the combination with a gear blankcarrier and means for rotating the same continuously, of a train ofcutting tools, means for imparting continuous travel to the train, means"for swinging the train on a pivot coincident with the apex of thepitch-cone of the blank to cause lateral movement of the sametangentially to the gear blankand means for turning the train of cuttersbodily on a pivot near a the middle of the trainandsubstantiallycoincident with the end of the cut in the blank and means synchronizingthe turning 'inovement with the coincidence of the lateral motion of thecuttingtrain with the zenith of the gear blank and means compensatingfor the ditl'erence in speeds of the gear blank carrier and traveloit'the cutting train, andmeans for adjusting the angular position of thetrain of cutters to cut gears of different angular pitch-cone.

16. In a spiral gear cutting machine the combination of ablank'carrierand means for continuously rotating the same, a trainofcutters disposed in the direction ot theapex of the pitch-cone of thegear blank, means for driving the cutting train, means for swinging thecutting rain to cause the cutters to trav= erse the gear blanktangentially and having the cutting train mounted therein, said meansbeing rotatable upon'an axis intersecting the vertex of the saidpitch-cone and consistiiig of a unit carrying a toolraee in which thecutters are adapted to travel, and means for turning the train ofcutters bodily 011 a pivot near the middle of the train andsubstantially coinciding with the end of the cut in the blank andsynchronizing the turning movement with the coincidence of the lateralmotion of the cutting train with the Zenith of the gear blank, and meanscompensating for the dil'lerence in speeds of the gear blank carrier andtravel of the cutting train.

17. In a spiral gear cutting machine the combination of a blank'carrierand means for continuously rotating the same, a train of cuttersdisposed in the direction of the apex of the pitch-cone of the gearblank, means for driving the cutting train, means for swinging thecutting train to cause the cutters to traverse the gear blanktangentially and having the cutting train mounted therein, said meansbeing rotatable upon an axis intersecting the vertex of the saidpitch-cone and consisting of a unit carrying a toolrace in which thecutters are adapted to travel, means compensating for the diiferenoe inrelative speeds of the gear blank carrier and travel of the cuttingtrain, and means for adjusting the angular position of the toolrace tocut gears of different angular pitchcone and means for turning the trainor cutters bodily on a pivot near the middle of the train andsubstantially coincid 111g with the end of the cut in the blank andmeans synchronizing the turning movement with the coincidence of thelateral motion of the cutting train with the'zenith of the gear blank.

18. In a spiral gear cutting machine the combination with a blankcarrier, and means for continuously rotating the same, of a tiltableunit carrying a train 01' spiral-gear cutters, means for driving thetrain of cutters, means for swinging the latter to cause the cutters totangentially traverse the blank, and means for turning the train ofcutters bodily on a pivot near the middle of the traii'i andsubstantially coinciding with the end of the cut in the blank and meanssynchronizing the turning movement ith the coincidence of the lateralmotion of the cutting train with the zenith of the gear blank.

19. In a spiral gear cutting machine the combination of a blank carrier,a member 1 rotatable upon an axis intersecting the vertex of thepitch-cone of the gear blank, a train of cutters carried by androtatable with the member and disposed in the direction of the apex ofthe pitch-cone, power means, operaing-connection between the power meansand the train of cutters, means for wringing the member to cause thecutters to lravc the gear blank tangentially; mcaus tor ro tating theear blank; means compcar-riting for the dill'erencein relative speeds otthe gear blank *arricr and tangential motion ol the cutters consistingof a cou1pc1u-tating mechanism for comliiensating between the speed ofti e cutters and the dil weed of the gear blank due to the d h'creucc inlength between the radius of the cutter and radius of the gear blank,such compensating mechanism controlling the trunsrai' :aiou of powerfrom the power mechanism to thc gear blank carrier and the tangentialsawiusriug: member, a supplemei'ital com iensating loc le anismcompensating for thc dill'crcucc in speed oi the tangential swing oi themember and the rotation of the gear 20. In a spiral-gear cuttincombination with a blank cr anduicaiu for continuously rotating the i,ol a tiltable unit carrying a train of spiralair cuiters, means fordriving the train of cutters, means for swinging the latter to cause thecut ters to tangentially traverse the blank, and means for turning thetrain of cutters bodil v on a pivot near the middle of the train andsubstantially coinciding with the end of the cut in the blank andsanchroniaing the turning movement with the coincidence oi the lateralmovement ot the cutting train with the zenith oi. the gear blank andmeans compensating "for the dillercnco in speeds oi the gear blankcarrier, lateral motion of the cuiting train and travel oi the train.

21. lhc combination of a driven train of cutters pivoted between itsends: means for swinging the train laterally upon a center at a point ina inc which is a projection oi the train; and means for turn nsij thetrain on its pivot during its lateral movement.

22. The combination of a driven tra n of cutters pivoted liictwecn itsends; HVWZIH :i'or swinging the train laterally upon a center a! a pointin a line which a project on oi the train; and means for turning thetrain on it.- pivot during its lateral movement. coir-deb ing of a cammechanism and means constructed and arranged to be actuated therebycoincidental with the transit of the train across the zenith of the gearblank.

la a spiral gear cutting uuichinc the combination with a blank irrier alid uicaus for continuously rotating the same. ol a tilt able unit, atable rotatably mounted in the unit and carrying a train of spiral-gearculters, means for driving the train ot cuttcrs. means for swingin thelatter to cause the cutters to tangentially traverse the blank: andmeans for turning the train of utters bodily on a pivot near machine thethe middle of the train and substantially coinciding with the cod oi thecut in the blank and svuuhroniz zing the turning movement with thetransit of the pivot ILU nesmeo acrossthe Zenith of the gear blank, andmeans COIDpGIlSLtlZln" for the difference in speeds of the gear blankcarrier, lateral motion of the cutting train and travcl oi" the trainconsist-ing Oil a cam plate upon the men'ibor and presentinga camgroove, a pin upon. the member and presenting a cam groove, a pin engaging the cam groove and means movably attaching the pin to thetoolrace.

24:. in a spiral gear ciitting machine the combination ota blankcarrier, means tor continuouslyrotatingthc same, a member pivoted on anaxisintersecting the axis Oil the gear-blank carrier and carrying atooh'acc pivoted between its ends and disposed in the direction of theapex of the pitclrcone ot the gear-blank; atrain ot cutters contained inthe toolrace; meanstor driving the train oi cutters; means tor swingingthe member to causethe cutters totraverse the gear-blank tangentiallymeans for turn train on its pivot-during its lateral inoi synchroui "nthe turning movemei transit ofthe pivot across the zenith oi ti gearblank means compens: 1;; for the di 7 ference in speeds of the ar blankc: *rier, the swinging of the cutters and the travellin of the cuttertrain.

2 5.111 abevel gear cutting machine the combination with a continuouslyrotating gear blank carrier, or a train of cutters con-- structed-airdarranged to traverse the periphery of the blank in paths intersectingthe vertex o1 the pitch cone of the latter, combined means for rotatingthe gear blank'and actuating the cutters, means for synchronizing'thecirtters withthe gearblank for the piirpose set forth, and meanstorrotatably adjusting the position of the gear blank relatively to thecutters during the cutting operati'ont'or the purpose of increasing thewidth of the cut.

26. 111 abevel gearcutting machine, the combination with a continuouslyrotating blank carrier rotatable on a stationary axis, of a plurality ofcutters adapt-edto successively traverse the periphoryof the blank forthe purpose ofiorming cuts spaced throughout the periphery of the blank,synclironiw ing mechanism for causing the cutter to register with theinitial cuts upon their successive strokes, and means forcansing'transverse movement of the cutters tor the purpose ofprogressively increasing the side faces of the teeth.

27. In a bevel gear cutting machine, the combination with a rotary blankcarrier; or a toolrace havinga portion of its length disposed in aninclined plane parallel to the bevelled face of the blank, saidtoolra-ce having straight parallel sides and curved ends presenting araceway of substantially elliptical form, a plurality of cutter blocksslidably mounted insaid raceway with their ends abutting, each of saidblocks having a toothed side for the purpose of collectively presentinga continuous rack, means interm'eshing with said rack for moving thecutter blocks around t'he racowa-y, said toolrace having a detachableend and means for adjustably mountingsaid detachable end upon the mainbody of the toolrace whereby the blocks are maintained in relativeabutting position.

28. In a spiral gear cutting 1nachine,fthe combination with the machineframe having verticalslideway thereon, of a carrier slidably carried insaid sli'deway, a vertical blank-carrying spindle join-nailed in saidcarrier, means fOPCOIItlIIUUUSlY rotating said spindle, a train ofcutters disposed inthe direction of the apex otthe pitch cone of'thegear blank and above the same, and meanstor moving the carriervertically upon the slide way for the purpose of adjusting the blankrelatively to the cutting train, said carrier being stationary duringthe entire cutting operation.

29. 1a a spiral gear cutting machine, the combination with the.iachinetran'iehaving a slide/way thcreon,'a trainoi' cutters disposedin the direction of a generatrix of tho pitclrcone oi the blank, andmeans tor driving said train; of a carrier slidably mounted in saidslideway, a blank-carrying spindle journalled in said carrier, means forrotating the spindle, means for moving the carrier in the slideway forthe purpose of ad justingthe blank relatively to the cutting train, saidmeans consisting 0t a bracket mountedupon the machine frame, aninternally screw threaded bushing mounted on said carrier, a teed-screwjournalled iii-said bracket and extending through the bush ing andintermeshing therewith, a gear upon said teed-screw and rotatable inunison therewith, a shaft journalled in the machine frame, a gear keyedupon said shaft and intermeshing with said first-meiitioned gear, andmeans for mamially rotatin g said shaft.

'30. In a spiral gear cutting machine, the combinationwith a train ofcutters disposed in the direction of the apex of the pitch cone of thegear blank, and means for driving said train of blan-k-support-ingmeans, means for adjusting the blank-supporting means relatively to thecutting train, and i'neans for securing the bla11k-supporting means inthe adjusted position, said means consisting of aprojection upon thellltlClllTIGfltllfiG and a clamp mounted upon the carrier and adapted toengage said projection.

31. In a spiral gear cutting machine such as claimed in claim 30 inwhich the spindle is axially adjusted, the combination with a train ofcutters disposed in the direction of the apex of the pitch cone of thegear blank and means for driving said train; of a blanksupportingspindle, means for axially adjusting the spindle relatively to thecutting train for the purposeset forth, means t'or continu- Ion llli')

